Having both Shift keys toggle Caps Lock feels right in X11. The issue on NetBSD console in wscons.conf is

encoding us.swapctrlcaps
#encoding us.metaesc

in the above you either have Caps Lock behave as Control or Alt is Meta in that commented out line. If you want both, howto is not obvious.

Do those individual codepoints and ranges belong to a category?

If the elisp intro doesn’t suit your prefered style of learning two alternatives are to search the index in the emacs or elisp reference manual you access by

1. f1 r

2. f1 R elisp

then you followup in the case of elisp with “I excursion” to list the index topic on that keyword excursion as an example; better to look for blogs on the web as a first step to find the solution to your immediate need